Research on image segmentation of Miao costume patterns based on the RSKP-UNet model北大核心CSCD

The Miao nationality is the sixth largest ethnic group in China which has a history of thousands of years. It has created a unique material culture and spiritual culture in its development process and the Miao costume is a highly condensed collection of the material and spiritual culture of the Miao nationality. As one of the unique symbols of Miao culture the Miao costume has profound cultural heritage and cultural connotations. The patterns of the Miao costume are particularly eye-catching as they not only symbolize the wisdom of the Miao people in thousands of years of production and life but also symbolize the pursuit of the good spirit of the Miao people. However under the impact of modern pop culture and foreign culture these cultural symbols are gradually disappearing. In order to protect and inherit them the Miao costume pattern segmentation has become the most important work. However the Miao costume pattern segmentation is quite difficult. At present there are few studies on the extraction classification identification and preservation of the features of Miao costume pattern segmentation. With the excellent segmentation performance of the U-Net model and the advantages of easy deployment the paper improves the basic structure of the U-Net model and proposes a Miao costume pattern segmentation algorithm based on the RSKP-UNet Residual Selective-Kernel Parallel U-Net model. The algorithm adds Residual modules in the encoder part of the U-Net model to improve the feature extraction capability of the model and embeds the SKNet modules and ParNet modules in the decoder part to enhance the feature expression capability of the model. The paper uses evaluation metrics to measure the segmentation performance of the model and compares it with four segmentation models based on deep learning. The paper not only combines the current research focus-deep learning and attention mechanism but also introduces the Lovász-hinge loss function to effectively solve the problem of class imbalance in the Miao costume patterns. The RSKP-UNet model is better than other models in various segmentation indicators. Compared with the benchmark model U-Net the Dice coefficient IoU precision recall and accuracy are improved by 6. 98% 11. 07% 2. 89% 6. 75% and 3. 92% . The segmentation algorithm proposed in this paper realizes the extraction of the element content of the Miao costume patterns through image segmentation of Miao costume patterns which can be used to build the Miao costume pattern database in this way thus helping designers relevant researchers and organizations to provide research foundation and completing the protection and inheritance of the Miao costume culture. The paper also provides some reference for the segmentation research of other minority costume patterns. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

Effect of particle grading on fracture behavior and thermal shock resistance of MgO-C refractories

Two types of MgO-C refractories with tight particle grading and non-tight particle grading were prepared according to Andreasen's continuous packing theory. Fracture behaviors were investigated using wedge splitting tests combined with digital image correlation method and acoustic emission techniques. The results indicated that MgO-C refractory with non-tight particle grading treated at 1400 ℃ had more in situ phases (e.g., AlN and MgAl₂O₄) and exhibited less brittleness than specimens with tight particle grading even though they had similar nominal tensile strengths. In contrast, specimens with non-tight particle grading had greater horizontal strain under various loading stages, reflecting their better ability to resist rupture deformation. In addition, more microcracks were initiated earlier in the pre-peak region, and more energy was consumed. The decrease in coarse particles and corresponding increase in fine powder content increased the interface between particles, benefiting for reducing the local stress concentration and improving the thermal shock resistance of refractories.     

Humidity-Induced Simultaneous Visible and Fluorescence Photonic Patterns Enabled by Integration of Covalent Bonds and Ionic Crosslinks

Stimuli-responsive photonic crystals (PCs) have been extensively studied due to their potential in fabrication of anti-counterfeiting devices and information storage. In this work, using Ca²⁺ ionic crosslinker, a cholesteric liquid crystalline network (CLCN) based PC able to simultaneously present visible and fluorescence pattern by moisture treatment is designed and prepared. The circularly polarized light from helical structure of CLCN makes the reflected pattern distinguishable under different circular polarizer, implying the unique advantage of this novel coating as anti-counterfeiting devices. More importantly, due to the thermochromic property of the liquid crystal monomers, permanent pattern is achievable by chemically crosslinking specific region at different temperature. By integrating chemically crosslinking and physically ionic crosslinking, a permanent pattern and a dynamic humidity responsive pattern can be incorporated in a single device, indicating the great potential of this novel photonic coating in information storage.     

Micro‐morphological,environmental and phytochemical investigation of herbal medicines by using LM and SEM: A quality control tool

The use of quality control tool for authentication of Jadwar (Delphinium denudatum Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson), a folk herbal drug used for the treatment of different ailments, was studied. People face problems of adulteration for this drug at global, regional, national and local levels. Two different plant species are commercially marketed in the Indo‐Pak Subcontinent under the same trade name of Jadwar. One is D. denudatum Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson and the other is Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle. To focus on this problem, a marketable available drug sample of Jadwar was authenticated by using basic microscopy tools (LM) and advanced chemo‐taxonomic markers. Authentication, quality and standardization of this drug was achieved using morphology, organoleptography, UV and IR analyses, scanning electron microscopy of pollen and anatomical investigations. The techniques used for authentication marked the clear difference between the studied plants. Microscopic studies, chemotaxonomic investigation and other techniques used in this project provided the basis for the authentication of this species.     

Facile synthesis of a triptycene-based porous organic polymer with a high efficiency and recyclable adsorption for organic dyes

Water contamination resulting from organic dyes has had severe detrimental effects on human health and environmental tolerance. To address this issue, a delicate strategy for taking host–guest function in porous organic polymers via a facile Friedel–Crafts reaction of triptycene and post-modification was achieved. By means of this route, a sulfonic acid functionalized triptycene-based porous organic polymer (TPOP–SO₃H) with a hierarchical structure and a desirable Brunauer–Emmett–Teller value of 1002 m²/g was synthesized this study. The TPOP–SO₃H material demonstrated a maximum adsorption capacity for methylene blue of 97.1 mg/g. Remarkably, an absorption efficiency of more than 90% of TPOP–SO₃H was observed even after five cycles. Therefore, such a hierarchical porous organic polymer can be highly recommended as one type of promising material for the treatment of organic dye-polluted wastewater. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47987.     

Transient parametric pilot study on thermosyphon heat transport device: A computational fluid dynamics hypothesis and experimental exploration

This study aims to examine the practicality of a novel passive heat transport system “thermosyphon heat transport device” (THTD). It is a fluid-filled unit, with both source and sink amalgamated within it. A vertical tube-in-tube design has been incorporated, consisting of heat source, adiabatic height, and sink. To showcase the performance, a transient numerical analysis is performed using ANSYS Fluent, which is compared with the simple closed thermosiphon (SCT) for heat transport capability (1 kW) and different adiabatic heights (0.25, 1, and 1.5 m). Also, the influence of axial conduction is examined. The proposed Therminol VP1-based THTD has better heat transport capability over SCT due to a uniform flow pattern. Although the time response diminishes with adiabatic height, the novelty is justified as the heat gained by THTD (adiabatic height: 1.5 m) is 1.5 times more than SCT. Furthermore, the THTD performance is experimentally analyzed by varying the coolant flow rate (0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 kg/s), heat load (100−600 W), and transport distance (0.25 and 0.75 m), which yielded 80%−90% energy efficiency. As the THTD is crucial for a conceptual solar indoor cooker, the response under transient heating/cooling conditions is also investigated, which depicted 300 s for transient heating and 10−50 s for transient cooling.     

Synthesis and characteristics of pectiniform polyurethane-modified polycarboxylate and its effects on behavior of cement paste

In this research, two kinds of polycarboxylate (M-PCE and O-PCE) with the same degree of polymerization in side chains but different main chains were synthesized via a radical polymerization reaction at room temperature. Along with two commercial polycarboxylates (C-PCE-1 and C-PCE-2), their properties on adsorption, hydration, zeta potential, liquid surface tension, and flowability of cement pastes were investigated. The results showed that the adsorption of M-PCE on the surface of cement particles increased 14.1% and the adsorption rate increased 24% compared with C-PCEs. Furthermore, three polycarboxylates (O-PCE, C-PCE-1, and C-PCE-2) exhibited a delayed effect on the hydration of cement due to the shielding effect of their chain alkyl groups, meanwhile the hydration of the cementitious materials by the M-PCE was not delayed but promoted because of its incomplete hydrolysis of the siloxane. As a result of the higher adsorption amount, M-PCE with siloxane groups exhibited favorable effects in terms of zeta potential, liquid surface tension, and flowability of cement pastes.     

Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Mechanistic and Clinical Challenges

Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (IDILI) remains a significant problem for patients and drug development. The idiosyncratic nature of IDILI makes mechanistic studies difficult, and little is known of its pathogenesis for certain. Circumstantial evidence suggests that most, but not all, IDILI is caused by reactive metabolites of drugs that are bioactivated by cytochromes P450 and other enzymes in the liver. Additionally, there is overwhelming evidence that most IDILI is mediated by the adaptive immune system; one example being the association of IDILI caused by specific drugs with specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes, and this may in part explain the idiosyncratic nature of these reactions. The T cell receptor repertoire likely also contributes to the idiosyncratic nature. Although most of the liver injury is likely mediated by the adaptive immune system, specifically cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, adaptive immune activation first requires an innate immune response to activate antigen presenting cells and produce cytokines required for T cell proliferation. This innate response is likely caused by either a reactive metabolite or some form of cell stress that is clinically silent but not idiosyncratic. If this is true it would make it possible to study the early steps in the immune response that in some patients can lead to IDILI. Other hypotheses have been proposed, such as mitochondrial injury, inhibition of the bile salt export pump, unfolded protein response, and oxidative stress although, in most cases, it is likely that they are also involved in the initiation of an immune response rather than representing a completely separate mechanism. Using the clinical manifestations of liver injury from a number of examples of IDILI-associated drugs, this review aims to summarize and illustrate these mechanistic hypotheses.     

Synergetic effects of organic and inorganic additives on improvement in hydrophilicity and performance of PVDF antifouling ultrafiltration membrane for removal of natural organic material from water

Surrounding vegetation, animal, human and microbiological decomposition are the strong source of humic acid (HA) falling into the surface water bodies through rain runoff in the monsoon. HA contains various functional groups, such as carboxylic, phenolic, hydroxyl, and quinine, which are the major foulant. Contact of HA may have an adversarial health issue to human beings namely goiter, black foot, and cancer disease. The maximum permissible limit of HA in drinking water should be less than 2 ppm as per the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The membrane technology has prevailed a prominent place worldwide in chemical, water and wastewater treatment technologies. The proposed work is focused on the blending of organic-water soluble polymer polyethylene glycol 6000 as a pore-forming agent and inorganic salt lithium bromide (LiBr) as membrane morphology modifier with polyvinylidene fluoride host polymer in the N,N-Dimethylacetamide solvent. All fabricated membranes were characterized for functional groups and morphology. The total number of pores per unit surface area of membrane for membranes M-LiBr-0, M-LiBr-1, M-LiBr-2, and M-LiBr-3 are 2 × 10¹³, 2.3 × 10¹⁴, 2.7 × 10¹⁴ and 2.82 × 10¹⁴, respectively. The static water contact angle was decreased from 68.2° to 50.6° with an increase in the content of LiBr from 0 to 3 wt%. The order of pure water flux and hydraulic permeability of the membrane was M-LiBr-0 < M-LiBr-1 < M-LiBr-2 < M-LiBr-3. The HA rejection of the membrane was also increased from 90.13% to 96.24% with LiBr content due to a decrease in pore size of the membrane with the addition of LiBr content.